cd;sl .eg¨jg foaYmd,k úi÷ula §u i|yd W;=re kef.kysrg m<d;a iNdjla we;s lsÍfï wdKavq l%u jHjia:d l%shdud¾.h jQfha 13 jk wd'l%' jHjia:d ixfYdaOkh hs' th W;=re kef.kysrg wruqKq l<d jqj o wid¾:l jQ m<d;a iNdj o th hs' wfkla m<d;a j,g tjekakla fkd b,a,d u bfí lvd jegqKq fohla úh' ta fya;=j ksid ta m<d;a j,g o m<d;a iNd md,kh id¾:l ù ke;' uOHu wdKavqfjka bv ,efnk m%udKhg id¾:l ù we;' túg th m<d;a iNd md,khlg jvd rchg hg;a m<d;a md,k wdh;k md,khl ;;a;ajh .kS'

W;=re kef.kysrg jHjia:d ixfYdaOkhla u.ska m<d;a iNdjla we;s lsÍu .ek m%Odk jYfhka úreoaOj rfÜ le<öï we;s lf<a W;=frka fldá ixúOdkh;a ol=fKka ck;d úuqla;s fmruqK;a h' fldá ixúOdkh úreoaO jQfha ft;sydisl w;a±lSï fmr±ß lr .ksñka" zisxy, wdKavq lsisodl fok fmdfrdkaÿ bgq fkdlrk nj;a" fok foalg Tjqkaf.a tlÕ;dj ,nd fkdf.k ;uka leu;s m%udKh fok nj;a mokï lr.ksñks' cúfmh thg tfrys jQfha" ljr m%udKhl fyda n,;, §ula hkq rg leãula h hk cd;sjd§ woyi mokï lr .ksñka úkdYldÍ;ajhg ck;dj fmd<Ujñks' fï lKavdhï fol tlsfklg m%;súreoaO u; bÈßm;a l< o tl u cd;sjd§ uQ,fhka iuia; foaYhg u úkdYh le|jQ msg;ska tlsfkldg miñ;=re we;=<;ska bgq ñ;=re ixfhda.hls' ta flfia fj;;a" fldá ixúOdkh ±la jQ lreKq fol i;H nj Tmamq lsÍfï ld¾hh isxy, wdKavq by<ska u bgqlr yudr h' wog;a isÿjkafka th hs'

W;=re kef.kysr m<d;a iNdj msysgqùfï uq,a mshjr jYfhka BmSwd¾t,at*a lKavdhug md,kh mejßK' tfy;a wjYH n,;, fkd§u ;yjqre flfrñka wdKavqj th wdmiq w;am;a lr .;s' ta i|yd jHjia:dfõ u ie,iqï ;sìK' cúfmh tu woyi lkmsg fmr<ñka wo tu kef.kysr m<d;a iNdjg ;r. lrñka isà' Tjqka f.a mshjr ksid rg leã ke;ehs ;¾l l< yels h' tfy;a tu u;hg n,h ;sîu ksid wo ck;dj jYfhka rg leã keoao hk m%Yakh u;= fõ' ck;dj jYfhka levqKq miq N+ñh jYfhka lvd .ekSu È.= ld,Skj f,dal iydh ,ndf.k isÿ jqjfyd;a mqÿu úh hq;= o@ fldá ixúOdkfha tu È.= ld,Sk wruqKg ol=fKa iydh ,eìKs' Bg Y%S,ksmh" tcdmh" fy< Wreuh wd§ fiiafida o wvq jeä jYfhka Wojq l<y'

m<d;a iNd kS;shg iydh ùfuka yd úreoaO ùfuka ms<sìUq jQfha fomd¾Yajfha z,nd .ekSfïZ iy z,nd fkd§fïZ wr.,h hs' wo cúfmh" fy< Wreuh" Y%S,ksmh kef.kysrg m<d;a iNdjla we;s lsÍug ;r. je§u úys¿jla fldg ie,lsh hq;= ke;' jHjia:d Ndú;fhka ±ka jir 20la ;siafia jHjia:dfõ n,;, fkd§u ;yjqre lr we;s ksid h' Tjqkaf.a uq,a wruqKq fjkia ù ke;'

tfyhska z13 jk jHjia:dj kej; l%shd;aul lrkjd hZ h hkqfjka woyia lrkafka" jHjia:dfõ ;snqK;a ke;;a isxy, wdKavqj fokak leu;s foa §u;a" fkdÈh hq;=h hs Tjqka is;k foa fkd§u;a h' Tjqka tod úreoaO jQ foa wkqj §u bgqlr ke;s nj ;yjqre lr we;s neúka wo ;r. lsÍu mqÿu fkdfõ' tfy;a rfÜ m%Yakh Tjqkaf.a m%Yakh fkdfõ' Tjqkaf.a u;h ksid we;s jQjls' tfyhska 13 jk ixfYdaOkh kej; l%shd;aul lsÍu hkq h<s;a ksIaM, ld¾hhlg úYd, úhoula ord foaYmd,k jdis.ekSfï m%h;akhla fkdúh yels o hk .eg¨j u;= fõ'

ta ielh we;s lrk jHjia:dfõ u i|yka ie,iqï .ek úuid n,uq'

1' 154 W ^1& ys m<d;a iNd m%{ma;s .ek i|yka fõ' ta wkqj" m<d;a iNd ,ehsia;=fõ i|yka úIhhla .ek" m<d;a iNdjg kS;s ^m%{ma;s& mekúh yels h' m<d;a iNdj l%shd;aul l< yelafla Bg mjrd § we;s úIhhka iïnkaO kS;s iïu; fldg l%shd;aul lsÍfuks' fuh n,h fnod .ekSu iïnkaOfhka wjYH ;;a;ajhls'

tys ^4& ys i|yka jkafka" zzm<d;a iNdjla fyda jeä .Kkla fhdackd iïu;fhka b,a,d isá úg md¾,sfïka;=j úiska ta m<d;a iNd i|yd kS;s mekúh yels h'
±kg fndfyda m<d;a iNd wdKavqj hgf;a u ;nd .ekSu i|yd fhfok l%shd ud¾.hls' foaYmd,k mlaI hgf;a m%dfoaYSh foaYmd,lhka o yeisrùu ksid md,l mlaIh m<d;a iNd o md,kh lrk ;;a;ajhg yS,E lr .ekSug fï kS;sh hgf;a yelshdj ,efí' ta ksid m%dfoaYSh wkkH;djla tu iNdjg ,nd.; fkdyels h' Tjqka cd;sl foaYmd,khg hg;a oaú;Shsl fldgila njg m;aùu isÿfõ'

tys ^5& w' fufiah' zz^wjia:d.; lreKq wkqj& iu.dó ,ehsia;=fõ úIhhka .ek m<d;a iNd úuiSfuka miq md¾,sfïka;=j úiska kS;s mekúh yels h'ZZ

^5& wd' fufia mjihs' zzm<d;a iNdjg o tu m<d;g wod<j iu.dó ,ehsia;=fõ lreKla .ek md¾,sfïka;=j úuiSfuka miq kS;s iEÈh yels h' tfy;a wdKavql%u jHjia:djg o" kS;s iïu; lsÍfï md¾,sfïka;= l%shd mámdáhg o hg;a úh hq;= h'

by; i|yka m%;smdok neÆ ne,aug idOdrK f,i fmkS hd yels h' tfy;a tu j.ka;s j,g ienE w¾:h ,efnkafka rfÜ mj;sk cd;sl wNs,dIhka yd foaYmd,k lemùu wkqj h' ienE w¾:h u;= flfrk .eg¨ u;=úh yels j ;snqfKa W;=re kef.kysr m<d;a iNdj mej;=Kd kï h' mej;=Kq flá ld,h ;=< o Tmamq jQfha wdKavqjg hg;a lr .ekSfï wdl,amh hs'
m<d;a iNd úuiSfuka miq md¾,sfïka;=jg kS;s iEÈh yelsh hs lshefõ' tfy;a zzúuiSuZZ hkq Bg úreoaO úh yels nj fyda fjkia l< yels nj fkdolajhs'

wksla w;g m<d;a iNd j,g o md¾,sfïka;=j zzúuiSfuka miqZZ kS;s iEÈh yels jqj;a th wd'l%' jHjia:dj blaujd l< fkd yels h' tjeks md,khla wjYH h' tfy;a 1978 wdKavq l%u jHjia:dfjka cd;sl wNs,dIhka bgq lrk foaYmd,k lemùu ms<sìUq fkdlr hs' ish¨ cd;Skaf.a wNs,dIhhka hgm;a fldg n,h leá lr .ekSu miq.sh ld,h mqrdu thska Tmamq jQ foh hs'
fï ish¨ jHjia:djkays myiqfjka fkdfmfkk háka Èfjk wúYajdihla yd ielhla we;' th jpk j, ke;;a tu jpk Wmfhda.S lr.kakd l%shd ud¾.hka ys meyeÈ,sj we;'

tu uQ,sl fya;=j ksid u ixfYdaOkfhka woyia l< foh u bgq fkdfõ' fï jk úg th m%;HlaI ù we;s ksid kej; th u fhdod .ekSug woyia lr we;'

tfyhska wdKavq l%u jHjia:dfõ o" m<d;a iNd kS;sfha o fjkialï wjYH h' l%shdfjka w.;shla fkdùu i|yd jQ fjkialï h' cd;sl wNs,dIhka iy foaYmd,k lemùï Wfoid iudchSh" ixialD;sl" foaYmd,k yd wd¾Ól l%shd ud¾. ie,iqï lsÍula w;HjYH fõ' th uq¿ rfÜ u isÿúh hq;a;ls'

fufia ielh yd wúYajdih kS;sfhys u ms<sìUq ùfuka ±kg wm ,ndf.k we;af;a - ixfYdaOkfhka n,dfmdfrd;a;= jQ foa bgq fkdù - fn§ f.dia h<s;a tl f.dvlg jeàu h' ta wkqj W;=re-kef.kysr m<d;a iNdj w;=reoyka ù zzisxy,ZZ m<d;a hhs ie,flk iNd tlaùfuka fmr ;snqKq ;;a;ajhg meñKSu h' tys § ish¨ m<d;a iNd md,kh lsÍu h<s;a md¾,sfïka;=fjka isÿfõ' m<d;a iNd úiska u hï n,;, w;a yeÍu u.ska zzwdKavqj wfmaZZ ksid fjkila fkd±fkk ;;a;ajhg m;aj we;' ±kg W;=rg yd kef.kysrg fhdað; l%shd ud¾. fï moku hgf;a u meje;aùu fjkqjg uQ,sl fjkila b,a,d isà'

2' m<d;a iNd m%{ma;shla wdKavq l%u jHjia:djg wkql+, o keoao hkq ;SrKh lsÍug fY%aIaGdêlrKh olajd hd yels h' ksielfhka u kS;shla iïnkaOfhka .; yels ksjerÈ wjidk mshjr th hs' fuys .eg¨j jkafka wêlrKh mjd mj;sk foaYmd,k n,mEï wkqj l%shd lrf;d;a ;sfnk m%Yak W.%fõ' tfyhska" kS;sh mqoa.,hdg jvd fojeks jQ iudchl w.;sh m%Odk ;ek .ekSfuka iEu md,khla u wjq,a fõ' tys § wêlrKhg ;uka w.;shla fkdlrk nj fmkaùu myiq h' tys § mqoa.,hd kS;shg jvd by<ska isákafka kS;shla ;=< u ieÕùf.k h'
3' 154 ta' úOdkhlg wkqj l%shd fkdlf<d;a tu m<d;a iNdj mßmd,kh l< fkdyels nj ckdêm;sjrhdg ;SrKh l< yels h'

154 T ^1& túg tu m<d;a iNdfõ ish¨u n,;, fyda fldgila fyda ckdêm;s fj; mjrd .; yels h'

cd;sjd§ foaYmd,k u; wkqj l%shd lrñka ielh yd wúYajdih kS;shl wka;¾.; l< yels h' túg mßmd,kh lrk whg tu md,kfha w¾nqo we;s lsÍfuka by; i|yka kS;sh l%shd;aul l< yels h' W;=re-kef.kysr ;snqKq m<d;a iNdjg mßmd,k .eg¨ we;s jQfha ta wdldrfhka fkdfõ o@

by; i|yka m%;smdokhka idOdrK nj u;=msáka j;a fmkS hhs o@ tys w¾:h wkqj" n,;, § we;s kuq;a tajd wdmiq mjrd.; yels h' mjrd .ekSfï wjia:d foaYmd,k wdl,am wkqj ks¾udKh l< yels nj h' cd;Ska w;r ielhla fyda wúYajdihla ke;s jgdmsgdjl kï fuhska wksis m%;sM,hla we;s fkdfõ' tfy;a fï u.ska zwúYajdihZ kS;s.; ù we;s nj meyeÈ,s h' wo th m%dfhda.slj u Ndú;fha fh§ we;'

fuu wúYajdih l%ufhka ,sys,a jk Ndú;hlg hdu w;HjYH h' wfkla zisxy,Z m<d;a iNd mjd foaYmd,k jYfhka yS,E lr .ekSug fï kS;sfha n,h fhÈh yels h'
4' 154 ´ ^1& by; i|yka mßmd,kh wekysá wjia:djl m<d;a iNdjg we;s kS;s ye§fï n,;, md¾,sfïka;=j úiska ckdêm;s fj; mejßh yels h' ckdêm;s úiska th fjk;a wêldrhlg mejßh yels h'

fuys § md¾,sfïka;=fõ kS;s ye§fï n,;, flfia Ndú; lr;a±hs ljr fyda m<d;a iNdjlg ieflka yd ìfhka miq jkakg isÿ fkdfõo@ md¾,sfïka;=j úiska ckdêm;s fj; mjrkjdh lshkafka n,fha isák foaYmd,k mlaIh úiska tu mlaIfha u kdhlhdg mejÍu fkdjkafka o@ fjk;a mlaIhl md,k n,h we;s m<d;a iNdjlg jqj o n,fha isák mlaIhg ìfhka miqùug jgdmsgdjla ye§u i|yd fï foaYmd,k ixialD;sh m%udKj;a h' túg jeä n,;, Ndú;hg fkdf.dia isàug fkdfm,fòh hs is;sh yels o@ ±kg md¾,sfïka;= foaYmd,kfha mjd foaYmd,k wr., wjqreÿ mfya úY%du jegqm wysñ fkdjk ;;ajhg lsÍfï Ndú;hla ke;ehs lsh yels o@

5' Y%S ,xldfõ fyda tys fldgil uQ,H ia:dhSNdjhg fyda úYajikSh;ajhg ;¾ckhla jQ wjia:djl ckdêm;sjrhdg ta .ek m%ldYkhla l< yels h'

fuys§ o by; i|yka m%;sM,h we;súh yels h' m<d;a iNdfõ n,;, l%shd;aul lsÍu fjkia úh yels h'

6' 154 c ^1& uqo,a fldñIka iNdj ms<sn| kS;sh wkqj m<d;a ÈhqKq lsÍu i|yd fnfyúka m%fhdackhg .; yels ;;a;ajhls'

fï wkqj m<d;a j, ÈhqKqj i|yd wjYH uqo,a ;SrKh fldg fkd mudj ,efnkakg ie,eiaúh hq;= h' tfy;a wo m%Yakh jkafka th ksis mßÈ l%shd;aul fkdùu h' wjYH uqo,a o fkd ,efí' ,efnk ál o ,efnkafka m%udo fj,d h'

7' 154 g m%{ma;s iE§fï n,;, l%shd;aul fkd lsÍug fhdackd iïu;hla u.ska m<d;a iNdjlg ;SrKh l< yels h' túg ta i|yd md¾,sfïka;=jg kS;s iEÈh yels h' ta ksid m<d;a iNd" uOHu wdKavqj u; hefmk ;;ajhg jefgkq we;' tu m<d;a j, iïm;a uOHu wdKavqj md,kh flfrñka fidÉpula ta m<d;a iNdj,g §fï Ndú;hg hd yels h' ta ;;ajh wkqj fjku m<d;a iNdjla wjYH fkdfõ' wdKavqjg u ta ál l< yels h'

w¨;a m<d;a iNdjla msysgqjd fï Ndú;hka f.a wvq mdvq imqrd w¨;a n,;, fokjd o@ tfia fokafka kï ish¨u m<d;a iNdj,g tu ;;ajh §ug ±ka isg u l%shd l< hq;= h' tfia fkdfokafka kï w¨f;ka n,hg m;ajk m<d;a iNdj tu n, ;, fkd§u .ek w¨;a foaYmd,k l%shd ldß;ajh lg hdug bv ;sfí' túg kej;;a uq, isg mgka .ekSula fõ' t fia fkd § Tjqka yS,E lrf.k m<d;a iNdj mj;ajd .ekSug kï ±ka ;sfnk ;;ajfha wvq mdvq j,g Tjqka leu;s úh hq;= h' tfia jqj o ixfYdaOkfha mrud¾:h bgq fkdfõ' n,h fkd§fï kshd h Ndú; lrk úg m<d;a iNdfjka m,la fkdfõ' n,h fokafka kï fuf;la l,a n,;, fkd § hqoaO lf<a l=ug o@ hkq yeu mlaIhlska u weish hq;= h'

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